tioguaninis

Tioguaninis, also known as 6-thioguanine or 6-TG, is a purine analogue medication used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, primarily acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It functions as an antimetabolite, interfering with DNA synthesis. Tioguaninis is structurally similar to guanine, one of the fundamental building blocks of DNA. Once inside the body, it is metabolized into active compounds that are incorporated into DNA and RNA, disrupting their normal function and leading to cell death. This mechanism makes it particularly effective against rapidly dividing cancer cells.

The administration of tioguaninis is typically oral, though it can be given intravenously in some cases. Its use is carefully monitored by healthcare professionals due to potential side effects. Common adverse effects can include bone marrow suppression, leading to reduced production of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets). This can result in increased susceptibility to infections, anemia, and bleeding. Gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are also frequently observed. Liver toxicity is another significant concern associated with tioguaninis therapy.

Due to its mechanism of action and potential toxicity, tioguaninis is often used in combination with other chemotherapy agents to enhance efficacy and manage resistance. The precise dosage and treatment duration are determined based on the patient's specific condition, response to therapy, and overall health. Regular blood tests are crucial to monitor for side effects and adjust treatment as needed. While a valuable tool in certain leukemia treatments, its use requires careful consideration of the risk-benefit profile for each individual patient.