tinnit

Tinnit is a term occasionally used to refer to tinnitus, the perception of sound without an external source. In medical literature, tinnitus is the preferred term. Tinnit can include ringing, buzzing, hissing, or other noises heard in one or both ears or in the head. It is a symptom, not a disease.

Tinnitus can be constant or intermittent and may be accompanied by hearing loss, a feeling of fullness in the ear, or sensitivity to sound. The condition can affect sleep, concentration, and mood, particularly when symptoms are distressing.

Common causes and risk factors include prolonged exposure to loud noise, age-related hearing loss, ear infections or blockages, ototoxic medications, Menière’s disease, vascular issues, head or neck injuries, and stress. In many cases no single cause is identified.

Diagnosis starts with a medical history and physical examination, followed by hearing tests (audiometry). If red flags are present, further investigations such as imaging or referral to a specialist may be recommended.

Management aims to reduce distress and improve quality of life. Options include sound therapy or background noise, hearing aids for concurrent hearing loss, cognitive behavioral therapy, tinnitus retraining therapy, and sleep or stress management. Treatable conditions (such as earwax buildup or infections) should be addressed.

Prognosis varies. Many people experience stable or improving symptoms over time; for others tinnitus persists. Prevention focuses on protecting hearing from loud noises and avoiding ototoxic medications when possible.