teokratier

Teokrati, meaning "rule of God," is a form of government in which a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, or a deity's laws are interpreted by religious authorities. In a theocracy, religious leaders often hold the ultimate political power, acting as intermediaries or direct representatives of the divine. The legal system in a theocracy is typically based on religious law, such as Sharia in some Islamic states or interpretations of divine commandments.

The legitimacy of a theocratic government stems from its claim to divine authority, rather than from popular consent or secular principles. This means that opposition to the government can be seen as opposition to God or divine will, making dissent particularly challenging. Theocratic systems can vary significantly in their structure and the extent of religious control over public and private life. Some theocracies may be absolute monarchies where the ruler is also a religious leader, while others might involve councils of religious elders or clerics making key decisions.

Historically, many ancient civilizations were organized under theocratic principles, with rulers often considered divine or semi-divine. In modern times, a few states are considered theocratic, though the degree of religious influence and the specific form of governance differ. Examples often cited include Vatican City, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, each exhibiting distinct ways in which religious authority shapes governance and law. The concept of theocracy remains a significant element in discussions about governance, religion, and state power.