tarmstenose

Tarmstenose refers to a narrowing of the intestinal lumen, the hollow passageway through which digested food travels. This narrowing can occur in any part of the small or large intestine. The causes of tarmstenose are varied and can include benign conditions such as inflammation, scarring from surgery or radiation, and the formation of polyps or tumors. In some cases, malignant tumors are the primary cause of the stenosis. Inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are also significant contributors, leading to chronic inflammation and subsequent fibrosis and stricture formation.

Symptoms of tarmstenose depend on the location and severity of the narrowing. Common signs include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting, particularly after eating. Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea, are also frequently observed. In more severe cases, a complete blockage of the intestine, known as a bowel obstruction, can occur, which is a medical emergency. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI, which can visualize the narrowed segment. Endoscopic procedures, like colonoscopy or upper endoscopy, may also be used to directly inspect the area and obtain biopsies.

Treatment for tarmstenose aims to relieve the obstruction and address the underlying cause. For mild cases, conservative management with dietary modifications, laxatives, or medications to reduce inflammation may be sufficient. Endoscopic balloon dilation can sometimes be used to stretch the narrowed area. However, surgical intervention is often required for significant or complete obstructions, or when benign strictures do not respond to other treatments. Surgery may involve removing the affected segment of the intestine and reconnecting the healthy ends (anastomosis) or creating a stoma to divert waste if a resection is not possible. Treatment for malignant tarmstenose is focused on managing the cancer itself, which may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.