tantrism

Tantrism is a complex spiritual tradition that originated in India and has spread to various parts of Asia, including Tibet, Nepal, and parts of East Asia. It is characterized by a wide range of practices and philosophies, often involving esoteric rituals, meditation, yoga, and visualization techniques. While sometimes misunderstood or sensationalized in the West, Tantrism is primarily a path to spiritual liberation and enlightenment.

Central to Tantric thought is the concept of the divine as immanent in the universe and in all beings. It often utilizes a guru-disciple relationship for transmitting teachings and practices, which are typically kept secret from the uninitiated. Tantric practices aim to harness the body's energies, including sexual energy, not for mere pleasure, but as a powerful force for spiritual transformation. This involves working with chakras, nadis, and kundalini, often through mantra recitation, mudras (hand gestures), and specific yogic postures.

Tantrism encompasses diverse schools and lineages, with significant differences between Hindu Tantra, Buddhist Tantra (Vajrayana), and other traditions. Its methods can be seen as a more direct and intense approach to spiritual realization, seeking to achieve liberation in this lifetime. The ultimate goal is often described as the union of opposites, such as the divine masculine and feminine principles, leading to a state of expanded consciousness and non-duality.