talgdrüsen

Talgdrüsen, also known as sebaceous glands, are microscopic exocrine glands found in the skin of mammals. They are typically attached to hair follicles and secrete an oily, waxy substance called sebum. Sebum's primary function is to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair, preventing them from drying out and becoming brittle. It also plays a role in the skin's barrier function, protecting against certain microorganisms.

These glands are distributed throughout the body, but are most concentrated in areas with a high density of hair follicles, such as the scalp, face, and chest. The size and activity of talgdrüsen can vary significantly depending on factors like age, sex hormones, and environmental conditions. For instance, during puberty, hormonal changes lead to increased sebum production, which can contribute to acne.

The secretions of talgdrüsen are released into the hair follicle, from where they travel to the skin surface. This process is called holocrine secretion, meaning the entire cell disintegrates to release its contents. While generally beneficial, excessive sebum production can lead to oily skin, clogged pores, and conditions like acne vulgaris. Conversely, insufficient sebum production can result in dry, flaky skin. The composition of sebum includes lipids, fatty acids, cholesterol, and other organic compounds.