taittuvuudella

Taittuvuudella is the Finnish term used to describe the property of a material to undergo plastic deformation under stress before it fractures. In practice it is closely related to the concept of ductility or bendability and is an important consideration in material science and engineering when evaluating formability, resilience and safety.

Measurement and interpretation often rely on tensile tests. Ductility is commonly expressed as the elongation at fracture (percentage of the original gauge length) or the reduction of area after necking, following standards such as ISO 6892-1 or ASTM E8. Ductile materials exhibit noticeable necking and substantial plastic deformation before failure, whereas brittle materials fail with little or no prior deformation.

Factors influencing taittuvuus include chemical composition and microstructure (for example, grain size and phase distribution), temperature, pressure environment, and the rate at which load is applied. Generally, higher temperatures and lower strain rates tend to increase ductility, while work hardening or certain impurities can reduce it. Material type also matters: metals like steel, copper and aluminum alloys are typically ductile; ceramics and glasses are commonly brittle; many polymers show ductile behavior under suitable conditions.

Applications and significance vary with context. Ductility affects metal forming processes such as rolling, drawing and bending, as well as crashworthiness and energy absorption in structural design. It is a key criterion alongside strength and hardness, guiding material selection and engineering design to balance formability with performance and safety.