süvendanud

Süvendanud is an Estonian form of the verb süvendama, meaning to deepen or to intensify. It functions as the past active participle (having deepened) and is used to describe actions that have already caused a deepening or intensification. In practice, süvendanud appears in compound tenses with the auxiliary verb olema (olema), or as a qualifying participle in predicative or attributive position.

Usage and grammar: As a past active participle, süvendanud is typically part of a verb phrase in perfect aspect, such as Olen süvendanud oma teadmisi or Ta on süvendanud arusaamist. It can describe the result of an action (something has been deepened or strengthened) and is common in formal or written Estonian when discussing processes, understanding, or relationships that have become more profound. The form agrees with the subject through the auxiliary verb rather than changing for number or case on its own, as is typical for participles used with olla.

Related forms and notes: A closely related passive participle is süvendatud, meaning “deepened” in a passive sense or “caused to be deeper.” Another related form is süvenenud, which comes from the verb süvenema (to become deeper or more absorbed) and describes a state that has already progressed. While süvendanud emphasizes the agent-caused deepening, süvendatud emphasizes the result, and süvenenud emphasizes the progression of depth or absorption.

See also: süvendama, süvenema, süvendatud, süvenenud.