1. Nimisõnad (Nouns): These are words that represent people, places, things, or ideas. They can be further classified into common nouns and proper nouns. For example, "koer" (dog) and "Eesti" (Estonia).
2. Tegusõnad (Verbs): Verbs are words that describe actions, occurrences, or states of being. They can be finite (having tense and mood) or non-finite (not having tense and mood). For example, "jookseb" (runs) and "olema" (to be).
3. Omadussõnad (Adjectives): Adjectives are words that modify or describe nouns and pronouns. They can be qualitative (describing quality) or quantitative (describing quantity). For example, "sinine" (blue) and "kaks" (two).
4. Asesõnad (Pronouns): Pronouns are words that replace nouns. They can be personal (referring to people or things), possessive (showing ownership), demonstrative (pointing out specific things), or interrogative (asking questions). For example, "mina" (I), "oma" (my), "see" (this), and "kes" (who).
5. Sidesõnad (Adverbs): Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They can express manner, time, place, cause, or degree. For example, "kiiresti" (quickly), "hommikul" (in the morning), "siin" (here), "kuna" (because), and "väga" (very).
6. Kaassõnad (Conjunctions): Conjunctions are words that connect words, phrases, or clauses. They can be coordinating (joining words of equal rank) or subordinating (joining a subordinate clause to a main clause). For example, "ja" (and), "aga" (but), "et" (that), and "kui" (if).
7. Hüüdsõnad (Interjections): Interjections are words that express strong emotions or reactions. They often stand alone in a sentence. For example, "oh" (oh), "ahh" (ah), and "hmm" (hmm).