sætan

Sátan is a term of Semitic origin, broadly meaning "adversary" or "opponent." In Abrahamic religions, particularly Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, Sátan has evolved into a significant figure, often depicted as a powerful evil entity, a tempter of humanity, and a deceiver. The specific nature and role of Sátan vary across different theological interpretations and historical periods within these religions.

In Jewish tradition, the figure of "ha-satan" appears in the Hebrew Bible as an accuser or tester in the divine court, rather than an independent force of evil. Later rabbinic literature developed the concept further, sometimes associating Sátan with the Yetzer Hara (evil inclination) or as a subordinate angel serving God's purposes.

Christian theology generally portrays Sátan as the chief fallen angel, a rebel against God who was cast out of heaven. This figure is commonly identified with the serpent in the Garden of Eden, the tempter of Jesus, and the ruler of demons. Sátan is seen as actively opposing God's will and seeking to lead humanity astray through temptation and deception, ultimately destined for judgment.

In Islam, Sátan, known as Iblis or Shaitan, is considered a jinn who disobeyed Allah's command to prostrate before Adam. He is the primary tempter and enemy of humanity, constantly working to sow discord and disbelief. Like in Christianity, Iblis is seen as a fallen being who actively tries to mislead believers and lead them away from the path of righteousness. Across these traditions, Sátan represents a cosmic force that challenges divine authority and human morality.