szilárdállapotú

szilárdállapotú is a Hungarian term that translates to "solid-state" in English. It refers to phenomena or devices that occur in or utilize solid materials, as opposed to liquids or gases. In physics and electronics, the term is most commonly associated with solid-state physics, which studies the macroscopic and microscopic physical properties of solids. This field explores the electronic, magnetic, optical, and mechanical properties of solid materials and how they arise from their atomic structure and bonding.

Solid-state devices are electronic components made from semiconductor materials, such as silicon or germanium. Unlike vacuum tubes, which use a vacuum to control the flow of electrons, solid-state devices operate by controlling the flow of charge carriers within a solid material. Examples include transistors, diodes, integrated circuits (chips), and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). These devices are fundamental to modern electronics due to their small size, low power consumption, high reliability, and low manufacturing cost compared to their predecessors. The development of solid-state technology has revolutionized computing, communication, and countless other fields, enabling the miniaturization and increased functionality of electronic devices.