synovií

Synovií refers to the inflammation of the synovium, a connective tissue membrane that lines the inside of certain joints. The synovium produces synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and reduces friction. When the synovium becomes inflamed, it can lead to increased production of synovial fluid and thickening of the membrane, causing swelling, pain, and stiffness in the affected joint.

Synovitis can be caused by a variety of factors. It is often a symptom of underlying medical conditions such as arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout. Other causes can include infections within the joint, injuries like sprains or ligament tears, and certain autoimmune diseases. Sometimes, the exact cause of synovitis may not be identifiable.

The symptoms of synovitis typically include joint pain, swelling, warmth, and redness. The affected joint may also feel stiff, especially after periods of rest, and range of motion can be reduced. The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the cause and extent of the inflammation.

Diagnosis of synovitis usually involves a physical examination of the affected joint, along with imaging techniques like X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI to assess the joint structures and identify any inflammation or fluid buildup. Blood tests may be performed to look for markers of inflammation or underlying conditions like arthritis. In some cases, a sample of synovial fluid may be withdrawn and analyzed.

Treatment for synovitis focuses on addressing the underlying cause and managing symptoms. This may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation for acute inflammation. Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation. Physical therapy may be recommended to improve joint function and strength. If an infection is present, antibiotics will be prescribed. In more severe or persistent cases, corticosteroid injections into the joint or, rarely, surgical intervention might be considered.