syndactylie

Syndactylie is a congenital condition characterized by the abnormal fusion of two or more fingers or toes. This fusion can range from partial skin webbing to complete bony union. It is the most common congenital anomaly of the hand and foot, affecting approximately 1 in 2,000 to 3,000 live births. Syndactylie can occur in isolation or as part of a broader genetic syndrome.

The exact cause of syndactylie is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a disruption in the normal separation of digits during embryonic development. Genetic factors play a significant role, and it can be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning a person needs only one copy of the altered gene to be affected. However, many cases arise spontaneously due to new genetic mutations.

Syndactylie can affect various combinations of digits. In the hands, the middle and ring fingers are most commonly fused, followed by the second and third toes. The severity of the fusion can vary greatly. Surgical intervention is the primary treatment, aiming to separate the digits and improve function and appearance. The timing and complexity of surgery depend on the extent of the fusion and whether bones are involved. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are important for optimal outcomes.