supermercati

Supermercati (the Italian term for supermarkets) are large self-service retail stores that sell a wide range of food products and household goods. They typically organize products into dedicated departments, such as fresh produce, meat and fish, dairy, bakery, frozen foods, beverages, and household items. Shoppers select items from shelves and carts, and payment occurs at cash registers or self-checkout points. As part of chains or corporate groups, supermercati emphasize a one-stop shopping experience, competitive pricing, and convenience for customers.

History and development: The modern supermarket originated in the early 20th century in the United States with the move toward self-service and large-format retail. Pioneering stores and subsequent chain concepts introduced fixed prices, bulk purchasing, centralized distribution, and expanded product assortments. The format spread globally during the mid-to-late 20th century and diversified into various sizes and models, including discount formats and hypermarkets.

Operations and business model: Supermarkets rely on high-volume sales, private-label brands, and promotions to attract customers. They maintain multiple departments with controlled-perishable supply chains, implement inventory management, and use loyalty programs. The retail mix often includes non-food items such as cleaning supplies and personal care products, and increasingly integrates online ordering, home delivery, or click-and-collect services.

Contemporary context: In many countries, supermercati compete with independent stores, specialized shops, and online retailers. They employ large workforces and influence local economies, procurement practices, and food availability. Trends include discount formats, sustainability initiatives, waste reduction, and omnichannel strategies to meet changing consumer preferences.