suhoor

Suhoor, also spelled suhur or sahur (Arabic: suḥūr), is the pre-dawn meal eaten by Muslims before the daily fast begins during the month of Ramadan. It is consumed before the fajr (dawn) prayer and ends at dawn. In many communities, the cut-off time is called imsak, a few minutes before fajr.

The purpose is to provide energy and hydration for the hours of fasting. Typical suhoor meals include complex carbohydrates, protein, fiber, and fluids. Because the fast lasts from dawn to sunset, meals at suhoor often emphasize slower-digesting foods to help sustain energy.

The practice is observed worldwide by Muslims during Ramadan. Fasting is obligatory for eligible adults, and suhoor is commonly prepared to support the day’s fast. Some people perform additional prayers during or after suhoor, such as tahajjud in the late night.

Variations exist by culture and season. Local foods range from porridge and bread with cheese to yogurt, fruit, and nuts. The exact timing depends on location and season. Even if a person sleeps through suhoor, they can still fast as long as fajr has not begun; intention (niyyah) is required to commence the fast. Spelling variants include sahur and suhur.

Health considerations: Staying hydrated, avoiding heavy or very spicy meals, and choosing balanced options can help during the day of fasting.