stoðir

Stoðir is the Icelandic term for pillars or supports used in construction. The word is the plural of stoð, meaning a support or prop. In architectural use, stoðir are vertical elements that transfer loads from roofs, floors, and upper structures down to foundations. They may be freestanding columns or posts, or they may be integrated into walls as embedded or engaged columns. Stoðir can be made from various materials, including stone, brick, wood, and reinforced concrete; in modern buildings, steel columns are common and may be encased for fire resistance or aesthetics.

Arrangement and function: Stoðir are typically spaced according to structural design and load requirements. In timber-framed traditions, vertical stoðir support horizontal beams; in stone or brick construction, they form part of the load-bearing skeleton. The design of stoðir influences the interior space, with options for load-bearing rows, arches, or vaults where the columns are arranged in regular grids or used to define bays.

Other uses: The term can also be used metaphorically to refer to essential supports within a system, organization, or argument, indicating the pivotal role of a given element in maintaining stability or structure.