prop

Prop, short for property, refers to objects used in theater, film, and television that are handled by performers or placed on set as part of the action. Props differ from costumes, which are worn by actors, and from set dressing, which is decorative and generally not touched during performances. The term covers a wide range of items, from everyday objects like cups and books to functional items such as tools, weapons, or devices that actors manipulate on camera.

Prop categorization often distinguishes hand props, which actors carry or use directly, from set props, which are placed on stage or on set but may be interacted with only indirectly. Prototyping, sourcing, and sometimes fabricating props are common tasks for the prop department. Additional roles include footnoting props in continuity logs, maintaining prop integrity during shoots, and coordinating with design, security, and safety teams. Many productions rely on a prop house or prop shop to inventory, build, and repair items.

Prop handling encompasses safety, legality, and practical considerations. Dangerous or realistic weapons require training, permits, and compliance with safety regulations. Some items may involve copyright or trademark considerations when reproducing branded objects. Continuity is critical to ensure props appear consistent across takes and scenes, especially in long shoots or multi-episode productions.

The term originates from property, reflecting objects owned by a theater or production company. Today, prop work is a specialized field within the broader art and production departments, focusing on realism, functionality, and safe, seamless integration into performance.