stoicizma

Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy that teaches the development of self-control and fortitude as a means to overcome destructive emotions such as fear and anger. Stoicism was founded by Zeno of Citium in Athens in the early 3rd century BC. The term "stoicism" comes from the Greek word "stoa," meaning "porch," as the early Stoics met and lectured from the Porch of Zeus at the Stoa Poikile, a portico in Athens.

Stoicism is characterized by its focus on living in accordance with nature or logos, the universal reason. Stoics believe that virtue is the only good and that happiness comes from within, not from external circumstances. They emphasize the importance of living in the present moment, accepting what one cannot change, and focusing on what one can control.

Key concepts in Stoicism include:

- Logos: The universal reason or nature, which is the source of all things.

- Virtue: The only true good, which includes wisdom, justice, courage, and self-discipline.

- Amicitia: Friendship, which is a source of happiness and virtue.

- Apatheia: Emotional detachment or indifference to things outside one's control.

- Kathekon: Duty or obligation, which is a guide to action.

Stoicism has had a significant influence on Western philosophy and continues to be studied and practiced today. Its teachings on self-control, resilience, and living in accordance with nature have resonated with people across different cultures and time periods.