spyttet

Spyttet is the term used in Norwegian to refer to sputum or phlegm, the mucus and other material that is coughed up from the airways. It originates mainly from goblet cells and submucosal glands lining the trachea and bronchi, and may also contain cells, bacteria, and inflammatory debris. The mucociliary system—the mucus layer and ciliated epithelium—normally moves these secretions upward to the throat, where they are swallowed or expelled.

Color, consistency and volume of spyttet can vary with health status. Clear or white sputum is common in healthy individuals and in viral infections. Yellow or green sputum can accompany bacterial infections or bronchial inflammation. Frothy, pink-tinged sputum may be seen in certain heart or lung conditions. Coughing up blood-tinged sputum (hemoptysis) requires prompt medical evaluation, as it can indicate significant disease.

Clinical use: Sputum samples are collected for diagnostic testing, especially when lower respiratory tract infection is suspected. In the laboratory, sputum may be examined by Gram stain, cultured for bacteria or fungi, and tested with molecular methods to detect pathogens. Sputum induction may be used to obtain samples when it is difficult to produce sputum spontaneously.

Collection and handling: Patients are advised to rinse the mouth and cough deeply to bring up sputum into a sterile container. Contamination with saliva should be minimized. Proper labeling and prompt transport to the lab improve test accuracy. Good oral hygiene helps reduce oropharyngeal contamination.