spreader

A spreader is a device or person that distributes material, force, or content across space. In agriculture, spreaders apply granular substances such as fertilizer, lime, seeds, or pesticides. The two main types are broadcast spreaders, which fling material outward in a wide pattern, and drop spreaders, which release material through a hopper directly below the unit. Calibration—adjusting spread width, rate, and material flow—is important for even application. Spreader equipment ranges from hand-held units to mounted or tow-behind machines.

In lifting and rigging, a spreader beam or spreader bar distributes a load across multiple attachment points to reduce point loads and maintain proper geometry during hoisting. Spreader equipment is rated for specific loads and must be matched to the task, with attention to angles and attachment configurations.

In rescue operations, a hydraulic spreader is a powered tool used to pry open metal or wreckage to gain access to occupants or space after a crash. It is commonly part of a hydraulic rescue tool set, often used with cutters and rams.

Other uses include kitchen implements for spreading soft foods, and a general term for anything that disseminates material, information, or pathogens, depending on context. The exact meaning of spreader varies by field, but it generally denotes a device or agent that distributes something over a surface, area, or structure.