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Spondyloarthritis is a group of chronic inflammatory arthritis conditions that primarily affect the spine, although other joints can also be involved. These conditions are characterized by inflammation and damage to the joints' cartilage and bone.

The term spondyloarthritis encompasses a range of subtypes, including ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, enteropathic arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease, and arthritis associated with other inflammatory diseases. Each subtype has distinct characteristics, although they share common underlying pathologies and clinical features.

Spondyloarthritis is often associated with other conditions, such as uveitis (inflammation of the uvea in the eye), inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors may contribute to the development of these conditions.

The exact causes of spondyloarthritis are still not fully understood, but research suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system dysregulation is involved. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of clinical evaluation, medical history, and imaging studies.

Treatment options for spondyloarthritis depend on the specific subtype and severity of the condition. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are commonly used to manage symptoms and slow disease progression. In some cases, biologic therapies may also be employed.

Spondyloarthritis can have significant impacts on quality of life, particularly if left untreated or inadequately managed. Early recognition and treatment, along with a comprehensive understanding of the disease, can help mitigate its effects and improve patient outcomes.