sowbug

A sowbug is a common name for certain small terrestrial crustaceans belonging to the order Isopoda. These creatures are not true bugs, but rather related to shrimp and crabs. They are characterized by their segmented bodies, typically oval in shape, and their ability to roll into a ball when threatened, a behavior known as conglobation. This defensive mechanism is particularly pronounced in species of the family Armadillidiidae, commonly called pill bugs or roly-polies. Other sowbugs, like those in the family Porcellionidae, may not roll into a perfect ball but still exhibit some degree of curling.

Sowbugs are detritivores, meaning they feed on decaying organic matter such as dead leaves, wood, and other plant material. They play a role in decomposition and nutrient cycling in their environments. They are often found in damp, dark places like under rocks, logs, leaf litter, and in moist soil. Their need for moisture makes them more active during humid conditions or at night. While generally harmless, some species can be considered minor garden pests if they feed on young seedlings or soft-skinned fruits. Their presence is an indicator of a healthy soil ecosystem.