sodiumfluoride

Sodium fluoride (NaF) is an inorganic salt with the formula NaF. It is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water. Sodium fluoride occurs naturally in some mineral deposits and is also found in trace amounts in plants and animals. It is commonly used in toothpaste and drinking water to prevent tooth decay.

The mechanism by which sodium fluoride prevents tooth decay involves several processes. When fluoride ions are present in the mouth, they can incorporate into the enamel structure of teeth, making it more resistant to acid attacks from bacteria. Additionally, fluoride can remineralize enamel that has been partially demineralized. It also has an inhibitory effect on the enzymes produced by oral bacteria, which reduces the production of acids that cause cavities.

Beyond dental applications, sodium fluoride has industrial uses. It is employed as a flux in smelting and refining metals, as well as in the manufacturing of glass and insecticides. In medicine, it has been used in the treatment of osteoporosis, although other fluoride compounds are now more commonly prescribed for this purpose.

While beneficial for dental health at low concentrations, excessive intake of sodium fluoride can be harmful. Fluorosis, a condition characterized by mottling of tooth enamel, can occur with prolonged overexposure. In higher doses, it can lead to acute toxicity. Therefore, the concentration of sodium fluoride in public water supplies and consumer products is carefully regulated.