smudges

Smudges are marks or blurred areas created when a surface is touched or coated with oils, moisture, dirt, or pigment and then smeared or rubbed. They occur on a wide range of materials, including skin, paper, glass, metal, plastic, and photographic surfaces. Common examples include fingerprints on screens or windows, grease marks on kitchen counters, and smudges left by graphite or charcoal on drawing paper. In art, smudging can refer to a deliberate technique used to blend media and create shading, often achieved with fingers, cloth, or blending tools.

Causes and implications vary by context. On skin, smudges come from sweat, lotion, or makeup and can obscure features. On papers or photographs, smudges degrade readability or image quality. On glass or screens, they reduce visibility and can attract further dirt. In drawing and painting, smudging is sometimes undesirable, but in art processes it may be used purposefully to soften edges or create tonal transitions.

Cleaning and removal guidelines depend on the surface. For non-porous surfaces like glass or screens, start with a dry microfiber cloth, then use a damp microfiber cloth with water; for greasy residues, a small amount of isopropyl alcohol can help, but avoid excessive moisture and harsh solvents on delicate displays. For skin, wash with mild soap and water. For paper, minimize abrasion and use careful, gentle cleaning or consult restoration guidance if the work is valuable. Prevention includes regular cleaning, using protective coatings or screen protectors, and handling surfaces with clean hands or gloves when appropriate.