smudging

Smudging is a practice that uses the smoke of sacred botanicals to cleanse a person, object, or space of negative energy or spiritual disturbance. Though often associated with Indigenous cultures of North America, practices labeled as smudging show considerable variation among communities and individuals. The term is widely used in contemporary contexts and can refer to various smoke-cleansing rituals.

Common ingredients include white sage, cedar, sweetgrass, and other botanicals. Some traditions incorporate tobacco as an offering or component of prayers. A smudge may involve a bundle (smudge stick) or loose leaves that are burned gently in a fireproof container, such as a shell or ceramic bowl. The smoke is directed toward the area or person and accompanied by prayers, blessings, or intentions. Etiquette and protocol differ among cultures and communities; in some settings non-Indigenous participants are expected to seek guidance or consent.

Cultural and ethical considerations: smudging has spiritual significance in many Indigenous cultures, and its use outside those communities has raised concerns about cultural appropriation and misrepresentation. Respectful use includes learning about the traditions involved and seeking guidance from knowledgeable sources when appropriate.

Safety and environmental notes: burning botanicals produces smoke that can irritate eyes or lungs; ensure ventilation, avoid open flames near flammables, and extinguish smudges completely. Overharvesting of certain sacred plants has raised environmental concerns; support sustainable sourcing and consider non-harvested alternatives.