smallsatellites

Small satellites, commonly referred to as smallsats, are compact spacecraft generally weighing less than 500 kilograms (approximately 1,100 pounds). They are distinguished from traditional larger satellites by their size, cost, and relatively shorter development and deployment times. Smallsats encompass various categories, including microsatellites (10-100 kg), nanosatellites (1-10 kg), picosatellites (0.1-1 kg), and femtosatellites (less than 100 grams).

The rise of small satellites has been driven by advancements in miniaturization of electronic components, propulsion systems, and imaging technologies. Their affordability and rapid development cycles make them attractive for a diverse range of applications, including Earth observation, scientific research, agricultural monitoring, logistics, and communication networks. Smallsats are often deployed in constellations to provide widespread coverage and improve data collection capabilities.

Many small satellites are launched as secondary payloads on larger rocket missions, which reduces launch costs and increases availability. They are typically deployed from deployers such as the Poly-PicoSatellite Orbital Deployer (P-POP) or the CubeSat deployer system. The standard size for many smallsats, especially those in the CubeSat category, is the 10x10x10 cm unit known as a "U."

The increasing popularity of small satellites has revolutionized space industry economics, enabling universities, startups, and emerging space nations to participate actively in space exploration and research. Despite their advantages, small satellites face challenges related to limited power, shorter operational lifespans, and regulatory constraints. Nevertheless, their flexibility and cost-effectiveness continue to make them a vital component in modern space activities.