slijmcellen

Slijmcellen are specialized epithelial cells that produce mucus, a gel-like substance rich in mucins. They are distributed throughout mucous membranes in the body, including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive tracts, as well as within certain exocrine glands. In many Dutch texts the term verwijst to goblet cells (slijmbekercellen), the best-studied voorbeelden, though the broader category can include other mucus-secreting cell types found in various tissues.

Anatomy and function: Slijmcellen are typically columnar and reside among other epithelial cells. Their apical region contains mucin-containing granules that swell to form mucus, providing lubrication, a physical barrier, and a medium to trap particles and microbes. The mucus layer is hydrated and mixed with antimicrobial peptides, contributing to innate defense and facilitating mucociliary clearance in the airways.

Distribution and regulation: Goblet cells are common in the airway and intestinal epithelia, where they intersperse with ciliated or absorptive cells. Differentiation of slijmcellen from stem cells in the epithelium is regulated by signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt, and by local inflammatory cues. Irritation or chronic inflammation can induce goblet cell hyperplasia and increased mucus production.

Clinical relevance: Normal mucus production supports barrier integrity and clearance of debris. Excess or altered mucus properties can accompany diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and chronic sinusitis, where mucus hypersecretion and impaired clearance contribute to symptoms and complications. Treatments often aim to restore mucus hydration, modify its properties, or reduce mucus overproduction.

See also: Goblet cell; Mucin; Mucociliary clearance.