sjónskerðingu

Sjónskerðing refers to a significant reduction in vision that cannot be fully corrected with glasses or contact lenses. It is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of visual impairments, from partial sight to total blindness. The severity of sjónskerðing can vary greatly, impacting daily activities such as reading, recognizing faces, and navigating the environment.

Causes of sjónskerðing are numerous and can include congenital conditions, eye diseases like macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy, as well as injuries to the eye or brain. Age-related macular degeneration is a leading cause of severe central vision loss in older adults, while diabetic retinopathy affects many people with diabetes. Glaucoma can lead to progressive peripheral vision loss.

Diagnosis of sjónskerðing typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. This examination assesses visual acuity, visual fields, and the overall health of the eyes. Depending on the cause and severity, further tests may be conducted.

Management and rehabilitation for sjónskerðing focus on maximizing remaining vision and adapting to the visual impairment. This can involve low vision aids such as magnifiers, special lighting, and adaptive technologies. Rehabilitation programs often include orientation and mobility training, as well as strategies for daily living. While sjónskerðing cannot always be cured, effective management can significantly improve the quality of life for affected individuals.