sizemethoden

Size methods, or Sizemethoden in German, denote a group of processes used to apply sizing agents to fiber-based materials in order to alter surface properties and dimensional stability. In textile production, sizing refers to applying a protective film to warp yarns prior to weaving to reduce breakage, improve weaving efficiency, and minimize friction. Sizing can be natural-based (Stärke, Dextrin, Kasein, Gelatine) or synthetic-based (PVA, Polyacrylates, CMC). Application methods include bath sizing (preparing a size bath, coating the warp with a starch or polymer solution, then drying and sometimes heat-setting) and dry sizing (solid sizing that is activated by moisture or heat). Modern mills often use continuous sizing compounds and polymer emulsions, with adjustments for fiber type, weave pattern, and downstream finishing. Leaching or scouring after weaving may be used to remove excess sizing to achieve the desired hand and appearance.

In papermaking, sizing controls the paper’s wettability and ink holdout. Internal sizing (in the pulp) uses rosin sizes with alum or modern synthetic sizing agents such as AKD or ASA; surface sizing applies polymers or starches to the sheet surface to improve print properties. Rosin size, once common, has largely been supplemented by synthetic sizing to meet ecological and performance demands. Sizing also affects dimensional stability, stiffness, and barrier properties.

Environmental and safety considerations include wastewater treatment, limits on certain polymers, and regulations regarding coatings in textiles and paper. The choice of sizemethoden depends on fiber content, desired property profile, production speed, and cost.