sisende

Sisende is a traditional Korean musical instrument that belongs to the family of bowed zithers. It is a stringed instrument with a long, rectangular body, typically made from wood, and features a fretboard with movable bridges that allow for pitch modulation. The name "sisende" is derived from the Korean word "sisun," meaning "to pluck," though it is primarily played with a bow rather than plucked strings.

The instrument has a history dating back to the Joseon Dynasty (1392–1910), where it was known as the "gayageum" or "gayagum," a type of zither. Over time, variations emerged, including the "sisende," which developed a more refined sound and structure. It is often associated with classical Korean music, particularly in ensemble performances alongside other traditional instruments like the *daegeum* (flute) and *janggu* (drum).

The sisende typically has 12 to 15 strings, which are arranged in pairs and tuned in harmony. The player uses a bow made of horsehair to produce a smooth, resonant tone. Unlike Western bowed instruments, the sisende is played horizontally, with the player sitting on the ground or a low stool. Its sound is rich and mellow, often described as ethereal, making it a favored instrument in ceremonial and folk music.

In modern times, the sisende remains a symbol of Korean cultural heritage, though its use has declined compared to other traditional instruments. Efforts to preserve and promote it include performances in cultural festivals, educational programs, and recordings by contemporary musicians. While less common than in the past, the sisende continues to be appreciated for its unique timbre and historical significance in Korean music.