sidekalvotulehduksen

Sidekalvotulehdus, commonly known as conjunctivitis or pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the thin, transparent membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. This condition can affect one or both eyes and is characterized by redness, itching, and a gritty sensation in the eyes.

There are several common causes of conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and often accompanied by cold-like symptoms. Bacterial conjunctivitis can produce a thicker, yellowish discharge that may cause the eyelids to stick together, especially upon waking. Allergic conjunctivitis is triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander and typically presents with intense itching and watery eyes. Irritant conjunctivitis can result from exposure to smoke, chemicals, or foreign objects in the eye.

Symptoms vary depending on the cause but commonly include redness of the white part of the eye, watering or discharge (which can be clear, white, yellow, or green), itching, a gritty or sandy feeling, and sometimes blurred vision.

Diagnosis is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination of the eye. In some cases, a sample of the discharge may be collected for laboratory testing to identify the specific cause.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Viral conjunctivitis often resolves on its own within a week or two, with supportive care focusing on relieving symptoms. Bacterial conjunctivitis is typically treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Allergic conjunctivitis is managed by avoiding the allergen and using antihistamine eye drops or oral medications. Irritant conjunctivitis requires removing the irritant and flushing the eye. Good hygiene practices, such as frequent hand washing, are crucial in preventing the spread of contagious forms of conjunctivitis.