semikonduktive

Semikonduktive, often shortened to semiconductor, refers to a material whose electrical conductivity is between that of a conductor and an insulator. This property makes semiconductors crucial components in modern electronics. Their conductivity can be manipulated by introducing impurities through a process called doping, which creates either n-type (excess electrons) or p-type (excess holes) semiconductors.

The behavior of electrons and holes in semiconductors allows for the creation of diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits. Diodes allow current to flow in one direction, while transistors act as switches or amplifiers. These fundamental building blocks enable complex electronic devices such as computers, smartphones, and communication systems. Common semiconductor materials include silicon and germanium, with silicon being the most widely used due to its abundance and favorable electrical properties. The research and development in semiconductor technology continue to drive advancements in computing power, miniaturization, and energy efficiency.