selfdetermined

Self-determined is an adjective describing a person or action guided by one's own will rather than external control. A self-determined individual exercises autonomy, makes choices based on personal values, and accepts responsibility for the consequences. The term is often used interchangeably with self-reliant or autonomous, though self-determined emphasizes volition and decision-making authority rather than merely capability.

In philosophy and psychology, self-determination relates to the capacity for self-governance and to the broader concept of personal agency. In psychology, self-determination theory identifies autonomy—acting with a sense of volition—as a fundamental psychological need that supports motivation, performance, and well-being. Education and disability research use the term to describe approaches and supports that foster students’ or participants’ self-determined decision-making, goal-setting, and self-advocacy.

In political discourse, self-determination is a related but distinct concept referring to a people’s right to determine their political status and pursue development. When applied to individuals, self-determined emphasizes personal sovereignty within social and legal contexts, rather than collective governance.

Limitations and critiques note that self-determination can be shaped by external factors such as social context, resources, and power dynamics. Critics warn against overly individualistic framings that neglect communal responsibilities or structural barriers that limit genuine autonomy.

See also: autonomy, agency, self-determination (political term), self-determination theory, motivation.