schroefdrives

Schroefdrives are mechanical actuators that convert rotary motion into linear motion through a threaded screw and a matching nut. The basic types include lead screws and ball screws. Lead screws are simple and inexpensive, while ball screws use recirculating balls to reduce friction and increase rigidity, allowing higher speeds and longer life. Other variants include roller screws and trapezoidal or ACME thread forms.

Operation depends on the thread pitch and lead. A single-start thread advances one lead per revolution; multi-start threads provide greater linear travel per turn. Ball screws achieve high efficiency by letting balls roll between the nut and screw, reducing wear and enabling precise positioning.

Key performance factors are lead or pitch, backlash, axial stiffness, efficiency, and dynamic load rating. Self-locking behavior depends on thread angle, lubrication, and load conditions; under certain settings the nut remains stationary when unpowered.

Typical applications include CNC machine tools, precision stages, automation actuators, and other equipment requiring controlled linear motion. Materials are usually steel or stainless steel, with surface treatments such as grinding, honing, or chrome plating to improve wear resistance.

Maintenance focuses on lubrication, alignment, and monitoring wear and backlash. Preloaded or anti-backlash nuts help maintain accuracy and extend service life.