scarred

Scarred is an adjective describing tissue that has undergone scarring, in which normal skin is replaced by fibrous connective tissue called a scar or cicatrix. The term can refer to physical changes in the skin as well as to nonliteral uses, such as emotional or psychological impact.

Physical scarring follows injury or disease, including cuts, burns, surgical procedures, acne, and chronic ulcers. Scars form when the wound heals and collagen is laid down to repair the damaged area. Depending on factors such as wound depth, tension, infection, and individual healing characteristics, scars can become raised, depressed, or remain flat. Common scar types include hypertrophic scars (raised but within the original wound boundaries), keloids (raised lesions that grow beyond the wound), and atrophic scars (depressed, often from acne or chickenpox). Burn contracts can restrict movement when scar tissue tightens.

Scar tissue differs from normal skin in structure and function. It typically lacks hair follicles and sweat glands, may be less elastic, and can have altered pigmentation. Treatments vary by scar type and goals, and may include silicone gel sheets, pressure therapy, corticosteroid injections, laser therapy, dermal fillers for depressions, or surgical revision. Preventive care—proper wound cleaning, tension reduction, and infection control—can influence outcome and reduce large or troublesome scarring.

Figuratively, being emotionally scarred describes lasting psychological effects from trauma or hardship, which can influence mood, relationships, and coping strategies.