sauvegarder

Sauvegarder is a French verb meaning to save, preserve, or safeguard. In everyday language it can refer to saving data, information, or physical objects from loss or damage, and more broadly to defending or protecting something valuable from harm. The corresponding noun is sauvegarde, and related forms include sauvegardé (past participle) and sauvegardeur (one who safeguards).

The term derives from sauver (to save) and garder (to guard). The semantic shift toward preserving information grew with the rise of computing, where sauvegarder is commonly used to indicate creating a copy that can be restored later.

In information technology, sauvegarder refers to making a backup of files, databases, or entire systems. This includes local backups on a device, network backups, or cloud backups (sauvegarde en nuage). Distinctions exist with enregistrer, which often means to store a current version of a document or file. Common practices include sauvegarde complète, sauvegarde incrémentale, and planification de sauvegardes. Regular sauvegardes aim to minimize data loss in case of hardware failure, corruption, or cyberattack.

Beyond computing, sauvegarder is used in policy, cultural heritage, and conservation to denote safeguarding assets, rights, or biodiversity. Phrases such as sauvegarder les droits, sauvegarder le patrimoine, or sauvegarde environnementale are typical.

The term remains widely used in French-speaking contexts to express the action of protecting, preserving, or backing up what matters.