réttmætt

Réttmætt is a term used in Icelandic law and legal discourse, primarily referring to the principle of legality or the rule of law. The concept emphasizes that all actions taken by authorities, such as law enforcement, must adhere strictly to established laws and legal procedures. It ensures that no individual or entity operates above the law and that legal decisions are made transparently and fairly.

The principle of réttmætt is deeply rooted in Icelandic legal tradition and is considered fundamental to a just and orderly society. It applies to all branches of government, including courts, law enforcement, and administrative bodies. When authorities act in a manner that violates legal norms, their actions may be deemed unlawful, and such decisions can be challenged in court.

In Icelandic constitutional law, réttmætt is closely tied to the protection of individual rights and freedoms. It serves as a safeguard against arbitrary government actions, ensuring that citizens are treated equitably under the law. The principle is particularly relevant in cases involving police powers, judicial proceedings, and administrative decisions.

The term is often contrasted with *réttlæti*, which refers to the fairness or correctness of a legal decision rather than its adherence to procedural rules. While réttmætt focuses on compliance with legal procedures, réttlæti concerns the substance of a decision—whether it is just and reasonable.

In practice, réttmætt is invoked in legal disputes to argue that an authority’s actions were unlawful due to procedural violations. Courts frequently examine whether state actions comply with legal requirements before assessing their merits. This principle reinforces public trust in the legal system by ensuring consistency and predictability in how laws are applied.