räjäytysmenetelmän

Räjäytysmenetelmä, often translated as blasting method, refers to the controlled use of explosives to break up rock or other materials. This technique is fundamental in various industries, including mining, quarrying, construction, and demolition. The primary goal of a blasting method is to fragment the material efficiently, making it easier to excavate, transport, or process.

The process involves several key steps. First, boreholes are drilled into the material to be blasted, with their depth, diameter, and spacing carefully determined based on the rock properties and desired fragmentation. Explosive charges, such as ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) or other specialized blasting agents, are then loaded into these boreholes. Detonators, which initiate the explosion, are placed within the charges. The timing of the detonations is crucial for controlling the blast's outcome, and delay detonators are often used to create specific firing sequences.

The design of a blast, known as blast design, takes into account numerous factors like rock type, geological structure, desired fragmentation size, environmental constraints (vibration, noise, flyrock), and the geometry of the excavation. Successful blast design aims to maximize useful work, such as fragmentation and throw, while minimizing negative impacts. The selection of explosives, borehole patterns, charge weights, and initiation timing are all integral parts of this design process. Regular monitoring and analysis of blast results are conducted to optimize future operations and ensure safety.