rádioterapia

Radioterapia, also known as radiation therapy, is a type of cancer treatment that uses high-energy rays, such as X-rays or protons, to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. It works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, making it difficult or impossible for them to divide and multiply. While it can damage healthy cells as well, these cells are often able to repair themselves and recover.

There are two main types of radiotherapy: external beam radiation therapy and internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy). External beam radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to direct radiation toward the cancerous tumor. Brachytherapy involves placing a radioactive source inside the body, near the tumor.

Radiotherapy can be used as a primary treatment for cancer, often in combination with surgery or chemotherapy. It can also be used to manage symptoms of cancer, such as pain, by shrinking tumors that are pressing on nerves or organs. The specific type and dosage of radiotherapy depend on the type and stage of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Side effects can vary depending on the area of the body being treated and can include fatigue, skin changes, and hair loss.