ruimteframes

Ruimteframes, in English known as space frames, are three-dimensional truss-like structures composed of straight members connected at nodes to form a lightweight, rigid lattice. The arrangement of interlocking struts, commonly in tetrahedral or octet configurations, distributes loads through many simple members, enabling large spans with relatively little material.

Construction and materials: Space frames are typically built from steel or aluminum tubes or hollow sections, joined by pinned hubs or welded and bolted connections. Some systems use pinned joints to permit small rotations; others employ rigid joints to preserve triangulation. Prefabricated modules and computer-aided design are common.

Advantages include a high stiffness-to-weight ratio, capability to span large areas with minimal supports, and rapid erection. They allow modular fabrication and efficient load transfer. Disadvantages include complex joint fabrication, higher upfront design and manufacturing costs, sensitivity to fabrication tolerances, and upkeep of connections and corrosion protection.

Applications: Space frames are used for roofs and atria of stadiums, airports, exhibition halls, and large public buildings, as well as canopies and pavilions. They are also seen in architectural installations and temporary structures, where visibility of the lattice is often valued for aesthetics.

History: The space frame concept emerged in the mid-20th century, with contributions from structural engineers and designers such as Buckminster Fuller. It gained widespread architectural use in the 1950s–1970s, and has since diversified into modular and computer-designed systems that optimize triangulated lattices for specific spans and loads.