rokot

Rokot is a Russian space launch vehicle developed by the Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, with operations marketed through Eurockot Launch Services, a joint venture between EADS Space Transportation and Khrunichev. It is designed to place small to medium-sized satellites into low Earth orbit and has been used for both single payload launches and small satellite constellations.

Design and configuration: Rokot employs a three-stage configuration in which the first stage is derived from a former Soviet ICBM, with a Briz-KM upper stage providing the final orbital insertion and maneuvering capability. The combination enables delivery of payloads to a range of low Earth orbits, including sun-synchronous and other mission profiles, depending on the mission requirements.

Development and operation: The program began in the 1990s as a collaboration between Russia and European customers seeking a cost-effective launcher for small satellites. Eurockot Launch Services markets Rokot launches from Russian sites, coordinating launch campaigns, integration, and support for customer spacecraft.

Launch history and missions: Since its early 2000s introduction, Rokot has conducted multiple flights, delivering satellites for Russian and international customers, including Earth observation, scientific, and communications platforms. The vehicle is valued for its heritage-based design and its ability to provide a relatively economical option for small satellites within the broader launcher market.

Legacy and context: Rokot contributed to the development of Russia’s small-lift launch capabilities during the 2000s and 2010s and served as part of the family of vehicles that filled the gap between micro-launchers and larger, heavier systems. It exemplified international collaboration in access to space and the evolving market for small payload deployments.