retinalarteriärtrombos

Retinalarteriärtrombos, often referred to as a retinal artery occlusion, is a blockage in one of the arteries that supply blood to the retina. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye responsible for vision. When an artery becomes blocked, it prevents oxygen and nutrients from reaching the part of the retina supplied by that vessel, leading to cell damage and vision loss.

This condition is more common in older adults and is often associated with underlying cardiovascular risk factors. These include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, and carotid artery disease. Smoking is also a significant risk factor. Less commonly, the blockage may be caused by an embolus, such as a blood clot or plaque fragment, that travels from another part of the body.

The primary symptom of a retinal artery occlusion is sudden, painless vision loss, which can range from a mild blur to complete blindness in the affected eye. The severity and extent of vision loss depend on the size and location of the blocked artery and how quickly blood flow is restored. A characteristic sign observed during an eye examination is a pale or white appearance of the retina in the affected area, often with a "cherry-red spot" in the center of the macula, which is the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision.

Prompt medical attention is crucial for retinal artery occlusion. Treatment aims to restore blood flow to the retina as quickly as possible to minimize permanent damage. This may involve medications to dissolve the clot or to reduce pressure within the eye. Management of underlying risk factors is also essential to prevent future occurrences.