renesanci

Renesansi, often translated as Renaissance, is a term used to describe a period of European history roughly from the 14th to the 17th century marked by a revival of classical learning and wisdom after the Middle Ages. Originating in the Italian city-states of the late Middle Ages, notably Florence, it spread to other parts of Europe through trade, travel, and scholarly exchange. Humanism, the central intellectual current, emphasized the value of human potential and the study of ancient Greek and Roman texts, languages, philosophy, and history.

The movement benefited from increased literacy and technologies such as the printing press, which facilitated the dissemination of ideas. Patronage from powerful families, the church, and city governments supported artists, scientists, and writers. In art, figures like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael advanced techniques in perspective and representation. In science, Copernicus, Vesalius, and Galileo challenged traditional views and promoted empirical observation. In literature and education, scholars revived classical rhetoric and wrote in vernacular languages alongside Latin.

The Renaissance gradually influenced Northern Europe, contributing to religious reform, political thought, and education. It did not occur uniformly across Europe and its timing varied by region. The period culminated in the early modern era and overlapped with the Scientific Revolution and the Age of Exploration. The renesansi remains a defining reference for shifts in art, science, and culture that shaped modern Western thought.