reformisters

Reformists are individuals or political factions that advocate reform within an existing system, emphasizing gradual, institutional change rather than radical overthrow. The term is used across different countries and movements, and its exact meaning depends on context. In general, reformists pursue policy adjustments, governance improvements, or economic liberalization through existing structures such as parties, legislatures, or state institutions.

In practice, reformist agendas have appeared in authoritarian and semi-authoritarian regimes as well as democracies. In the late 20th century, for example, reformists within the Soviet Union supported perestroika and glasnost, seeking to modernize the economy and society without dismantling the one-party framework. In Iran, reformists have advocated for political and social openings within the framework of the Islamic Republic, emphasizing elections, civil liberties, and gradual liberalization. In China, reformist factions within the Communist Party promoted economic liberalization and market reforms while maintaining one-party rule.

Reformists are often contrasted with conservatives or hardliners who resist changes that might threaten existing power structures, and with revolutionaries who seek abrupt or complete systemic overthrow. Supporters argue that reform can reduce conflict, improve efficiency, and respond to popular demands, while critics may view it as insufficient, slow, or co-opted by those in power.

See also: reform, liberalization, political reform, perestroika, glasnost, Iranian reform movement. Note that the label reformist is a political designation that varies by country and era and can refer to different sets of policies and actors.