reformiert

Reformiert is the German adjective meaning “reformed” or “Reformed” and is used to describe things connected with the Protestant Reformation or with the Reformed branch of Protestant Christianity. In religious contexts, Reformierte denotes a Calvinist‑Zwinglian tradition that emerged in the 16th century. The term appears in the names of churches, most notably Reformierte Kirchen, to distinguish them from Lutheran or Anglican bodies.

Historically, the Reformed tradition developed most prominently in Switzerland, the Palatinate, and other parts of the German-speaking world, as well as the Netherlands and Scotland. It centers on the authority of Scripture, the sovereignty of God, and confessional standards such as the Heidelberg Catechism and the Belgic Confession. Church governance typically relies on a presbyterian or synodal structure—ministers together with elders or representatives, rather than a bishop.

Liturgy and practice in Reformierte churches emphasize preaching, sacraments (notably infant baptism and the Lord’s Supper), and a simple, Scripture-centered worship style. Theological emphasis includes covenant theology and the doctrine of predestination in varying forms across denominations.

Today, Reformierte Kirchen exist as historical or minority churches within larger Evangelical bodies in several regions, especially in Switzerland and parts of Germany. Outside German-speaking areas, related terms in other languages reflect the same Calvinist heritage. The term reformiert can also describe reforms to institutions, policies, or practices more generally.