rautamyrkytyksen

Rautamyrkytys, also known as iron poisoning, is a condition caused by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in the body. While iron is an essential nutrient for oxygen transport and many enzymatic functions, too much of it can be toxic. This can occur through accidental overdose of iron supplements, intentional ingestion of large amounts of iron-containing products, or in rare cases, genetic disorders that lead to iron overload.

The severity of iron poisoning depends on the amount of iron ingested and the individual's age and weight. Acute iron poisoning can manifest in several stages. The initial stage, typically within six hours of ingestion, can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. In severe cases, vomiting may contain blood. The second stage, which can occur 6 to 24 hours later, may involve a deceptive period of improvement.

The third stage, appearing 12 to 48 hours post-ingestion, is characterized by more severe systemic toxicity. This can include metabolic acidosis, hypotension, shock, and central nervous system depression. Liver damage is a significant concern, and in very severe poisonings, liver failure can occur. Chronic iron overload, often due to conditions like hemochromatosis, leads to gradual iron accumulation in organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas, causing long-term damage and potentially organ failure. Diagnosis is usually based on iron levels in the blood and clinical presentation. Treatment involves supportive care and interventions like chelation therapy to remove excess iron.