qytetarësia

Qytetarësia refers to the status of being a citizen of a particular country. This status grants certain rights and imposes certain responsibilities on the individual. The acquisition of citizenship typically occurs through birth within the territory of a state (jus soli) or through descent from a parent who is a citizen (jus sanguinis). Naturalization is another common method, allowing individuals to become citizens after meeting specific legal requirements, such as residency duration, knowledge of the country's language and culture, and an oath of allegiance.

The rights associated with citizenship can vary significantly between nations but often include the right to vote, hold public office, protection by the state abroad, and access to social services. Responsibilities generally include obeying laws, paying taxes, and in some countries, military service. The concept of citizenship is fundamental to modern nation-states, defining belonging and participation within a political community. It is distinct from residency, which typically grants fewer rights and fewer obligations. The complexities of international law and varying national policies mean that the definition and implications of citizenship are constantly evolving.