põletushaavast

Põletushaav is the Estonian word for a burn wound. It refers to tissue damage caused by exposure to thermal energy, such as heat, flame, electricity, or chemicals. The severity of a burn wound is classified into different degrees, typically first, second, and third degree, based on the depth of the tissue damage.

First-degree burns affect only the outermost layer of skin, the epidermis. They are usually red, painful, and may involve mild swelling, but no blisters. A common example is a sunburn.

Second-degree burns involve damage to both the epidermis and a portion of the dermis, the layer beneath the epidermis. These burns are characterized by redness, pain, blistering, and swelling. They can be superficial or deep partial-thickness burns depending on the depth of dermal involvement.

Third-degree burns extend through the entire thickness of the skin, damaging the epidermis, dermis, and potentially underlying tissues like subcutaneous fat, muscle, or even bone. These burns often appear white, charred, or leathery and may be painless due to nerve damage.

Treatment for burn wounds depends on their severity and extent. Minor burns can often be treated at home with cooling the area, applying a sterile dressing, and managing pain. More severe burns require professional medical attention, which may include fluid resuscitation, pain management, wound debridement, skin grafting, and infection prevention. Prompt and appropriate care is crucial to minimize complications such as infection, scarring, and loss of function.