põlemisi

Põlemisi is the Estonian word for burns. Burns are injuries to the skin or other tissues that are caused by heat, friction, electricity, radiation, or chemicals. The severity of a burn is classified by its depth and the extent of the body surface area affected.

First-degree burns affect only the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin. They typically cause redness, pain, and mild swelling. A common example is a mild sunburn.

Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and part of the dermis, the layer beneath the epidermis. These burns are characterized by redness, pain, blistering, and swelling. They can be superficial or deep depending on the extent of dermal damage.

Third-degree burns extend through the epidermis and dermis, damaging the underlying tissues. The skin may appear white, leathery, or charred. Pain may be absent due to nerve damage. These burns often require medical intervention and can lead to significant scarring.

Fourth-degree burns are the most severe, extending through all layers of the skin and into underlying fat, muscle, or bone. These burns are often painless and can result in loss of function and require extensive treatment.

Treatment for burns depends on their severity and extent. Minor burns can often be treated at home with cooling, pain relief, and protective dressings. More severe burns require immediate medical attention, which may include fluid resuscitation, wound care, pain management, and surgical intervention such as skin grafting. Prevention of burns involves taking precautions to avoid exposure to heat, chemicals, electricity, and excessive radiation.