põhile

Põhile is a term that refers to a specific type of wooden roof construction commonly found in traditional Estonian architecture. These structures are characterized by their distinctive shape and the materials used in their assembly. The primary component of a põhile is a series of wooden beams, often logs or roughly hewn timber, that are laid parallel to each other to form the sloping surfaces of the roof. These beams are typically supported by purlins, which in turn rest on the building's walls or internal supporting structures.

The design of a põhile is often dictated by the prevailing climate and available resources. The steep pitch of these roofs helps to shed rain and snow effectively, a crucial feature in Estonia's often harsh weather conditions. The roofing material itself could vary, with traditional options including thatch, wooden shingles (laudkatus), or, in more prosperous times, reeds or even turf. The construction method emphasizes durability and a natural aesthetic, blending with the rural landscape. While less common in modern construction, põhile roofs can still be observed on historical farmsteads, barns, and older residential buildings, serving as a testament to the ingenuity of traditional building techniques. Their preservation is considered important for maintaining the cultural heritage of Estonia.